The Evolving Landscape of Medical Cannabis Access in the UK
Introduction
Since the legalisation of medical cannabis in the UK in 2018, the road to safe and consistent access has been filled with both progress and frustration. While a legal framework now exists, the reality for most patients is still one of high costs, limited NHS support, and persistent stigma.
But things are changing. Slowly, yet noticeably.
This post explores the evolving landscape of medical cannabis access in the UK, highlighting key developments, current challenges, and reasons for optimism in 2025.
- A Brief Recap: Medical Cannabis Legalisation in the UK
Legal since November 2018
Prescribed only by specialist consultants
Initially limited to rare cases like childhood epilepsy
NHS access remains extremely rare — most prescriptions are private
At the start, fewer than 100 prescriptions were issued in the first year. Today, thousands of patients across the UK access cannabis-based products via private clinics.
- Growth of Private Medical Cannabis Clinics
Due to limited NHS prescriptions, private clinics have become the primary gateway for legal access. Key players include:
Sapphire Medical Clinics – Offers access to both NHS and private patients
Lyphe Group / Dispensary Green
These clinics prescribe for conditions like:
Migraines
Costs have started to drop due to more competition and import regulation changes.
- Real-World Data Is Driving Change
Projects like Drug Science’s Project Twenty21 have gathered data from thousands of patients to show medical cannabis is safe and effective.
This evidence is helping build the case for:
Expanded NHS availability
Broader prescribing rights
Reduced stigma in the medical community
- Patient Advocacy is Getting Louder
Organisations like United Patients Alliance and PLEA (Patient-Led Engagement for Access) are pushing for reform by:
Supporting patients
Raising awareness
Engaging with policy-makers
Challenging media narratives
The Cancard scheme also provides legal reassurance to patients who use cannabis for medical reasons without a prescription, reducing the risk of arrest.
- What’s Still Holding the UK Back?
Stigma in healthcare: Many doctors remain unwilling to prescribe
Lack of NHS access: Only a handful of patients receive cannabis on the NHS
Legal grey areas: Home growing, social clubs, and non-prescribed use remain illegal
High costs: Many still can’t afford private treatment
- Signs of Progress in 2025
More clinics are opening with specialist teams
Prescription numbers are rising steadily
Price drops as supply chains improve
Education programs for GPs are starting to roll out
Devolved governments (like in Scotland) are exploring policy changes